Oracle

 Oracle Database is a database management system from Oracle. This DBMS is also actively used by large companies and costs a lot of money, but in return it provides great functionality and reliability. Therefore, Oracle Database and Microsoft SQL Server are serious competitors to each other. The results of Oracle in the rankings are not so clear, for example, according to PYPL and DB-Engines, Oracle Database ranks first, according to Stack Overflow Oracle is in eighth position, according to surveys of Oracle software companies in fourth place in popularity. If we take into account only a couple of ratings, Oracle can even be put in first place, but if we take into account all the results, then Oracle cannot be put in first place, therefore, in our rating, this DBMS occupies the third line.

Disadvantages of PoS

Disadvantages of PoS


On the market, you can find a fairly large number of cryptocurrencies that work on a hybrid algorithm. Pure Proof-of-Stake is relatively rare, as there are several drawbacks.

One of the main ones is the unfair distribution of coins. The volume of the reward for an open block is determined by whoever has the most of a particular variety of cryptocurrency. This does not allow for complete decentralization. It is most profitable to own cryptocurrency in large volume, which leads to a monopoly of the market. Developers distribute the entire amount of money even before the moment when they enter the market. Early investors find themselves in the most favorable conditions, which does not attract new users. Large investors determine almost all development prospects.

There is a threat of an attack that will be provoked by the largest owners of coins. If the cryptocurrency is sold cheaply, then the coins can be bought in large quantities for a relatively small amount and gain control over most of the entire assets of the system. This allows attackers to resort to various manipulations.

Probability of parallel transactions. There may be two users in the system, the parameters of which will be the same. If the blocks are signed at the same time, both will be correct. Despite the existing shortcomings, the system still has prospects, as the creators are upgrading and working on bugs.